Functional Hazard Assessment

FHA

Section 06: System Safety & Functional Safety

Definition

A systematic, comprehensive examination of aircraft and system functions to identify and classify failure conditions associated with the loss or malfunction of those functions. The FHA is performed at the aircraft level and at the system level. The Aircraft-level FHA (AFHA) identifies failure conditions by examining what happens when each aircraft-level function is lost, malfunctions, or is provided with erroneous information, across all relevant flight phases and environmental conditions. System-level FHAs decompose the aircraft-level functions into system functions and identify additional failure conditions. The output of the FHA is a list of failure conditions, their severity classifications, and the associated safety objectives.

Where This Shows Up

The FHA is the starting point of the safety assessment process defined in ARP4761A and is performed as part of the aircraft development process per ARP4754B. The FHA results drive all subsequent safety analysis activities: the severity classifications determine DAL assignments, and the safety objectives become the targets for the PSSA and SSA. The FHA is typically documented as a structured table listing each function, the failure condition, the flight phase, the effect, and the classification.

Primary Sources

SAE ARP4761A — Safety Assessment Guidelines

Defines the FHA methodology as part of the overall safety assessment process.

SAE ARP4754B — Development of Civil Aircraft and Systems

Describes how FHA integrates into the aircraft and system development process.

Artifacts Produced

Aircraft-Level FHA Document

Tabular document listing aircraft functions, associated failure conditions, flight phases, severity effects, and classifications.

System-Level FHA Document

Tabular document listing system functions, associated failure conditions, and their relationship to aircraft-level failure conditions.

Related Terms

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